Models
Three models, each usable on its own and designed to be run together. GTAP-InVEST is the integrated Earth-Economy model; SEALS is the land-use step inside it; Global InVEST is the ecosystem-service step. All three are part of the Earth-Economy Devstack.
GTAP-InVEST
A global Earth-Economy model that connects a computable general equilibrium model from the Global Trade Analysis Project to land-use change and to InVEST ecosystem service models, so that economic scenarios produce environmental outcomes and environmental change feeds back into the economy. Documented in Johnson et al. (2023), PNAS.
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SEALS
The Spatial Economic Allocation Landscape Simulator downscales coarse land-use projections — from a CGE model, from LUH2, or from MAgPIE — to 300 metres globally, in about an hour on a laptop. Coarse models say how much land changes; SEALS says where, which is what makes spatially explicit ecosystem service modeling on economic scenarios possible.
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Global InVEST
The ecosystem-service module. For each service — terrestrial carbon, crop provision, pollination, erosion control, marine fisheries and others — it produces both a Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) valuation and a scenario shock from the same source files, so the valuation and the economic shock can never diverge.